miercuri, 16 februarie 2011

Brown rice

In some parts of the world, the word "to eat" literally means "to eat rice." All varieties of rice are available throughout the year, supplying as much as half of the daily calories for half of the world's population.
The process that produces brown rice removes only the outermost layer, the hull, of the rice kernel and is the least damaging to its nutritional value. The complete milling and polishing that converts brown rice into white rice destroys 67% of the vitamin B3, 80% of the vitamin B1, 90% of the vitamin B6, half of the manganese, half of the phosphorus, 60% of the iron, and all of the dietary fiber and essential fatty acids. Fully milled and polished white rice is required to be "enriched" with vitamins B1, B3 and iron.

Food Chart

Nutrition facts- Brown rice .   
Brown rice nutrition data

Brown rice, cooked
1.00 cup
195.00 grams
216.45 calories
NutrientAmountDV
(%)
Nutrient
Density
World's Healthiest
Foods Rating
manganese1.76 mg88.07.3excellent
selenium19.11 mcg27.32.3good
magnesium83.85 mg21.01.7good
tryptophan0.06 g18.81.6good
World's Healthiest
Foods Rating
Rule
excellentDV>=75%ORDensity>=7.6ANDDV>=10%
very goodDV>=50%ORDensity>=3.4ANDDV>=5%
goodDV>=25%ORDensity>=1.5ANDDV>=2.5%



Brown rice-Nutrition facts.
Brown rice nutrition data.
Brown rice nutritional value.

In addition to the nutrients highlighted in our ratings chart, an in-depth nutritional profile for Brown rice is also available. This profile includes information on a full array of nutrients, including carbohydrates, sugar, soluble and insoluble fiber, sodium, vitamins, minerals, fatty acids, amino acids and more.
Amount of Brown Rice: 1 cup
Total Weight of Brown Rice: 185 grams
Nutrients
Amount
Basic Components
Protein 
14.7 g
Carbohydrates
143 g
Water
19.2 g
Ash
2.8 g
Calories
Total Calories
2868 KJ
Calories From Fat
189 KJ
Calories From Carbohydrate
Calories From Protein
2466 KJ
210 KJ
Fiber
Dietary Fiber
6.5 g
Starch
6.5 g
Sugar
1.6 g
Glucose
1573 mg
Sucrose
1573 mg
Fructose
1573 mg
Lactose
1573 mg
Maltose
1573 mg
Galactose
1573 mg
Fats
Total Fat
5.4 g
Saturated Fat
1.1 g
Mono Fat
2.0 g
Poly Fat 
1.9 g
Vitamins
Thiamin
0.7 mg
Riboflavin
0.2 mg
Niacin
9.4 mg
Vitamin B6
0.9 mg
Betaine
56.8 mg
Choline
56.8 mg
Vitamin E (Alpha Tocopherol)
2.2 mg
Folate
37.0 mcg
Vitamin K
3.5 mcg
Pantothenic Acid
2.8 mg
Minerals
Calcium
42.6 mg
Copper
0.5 mg
Iron
2.7 mg
Magnesium
265 mg
Manganese
6.9 mg
Phosphorus
616 mg
Potassium
412 mg
Selenium
43.3 mcg
Sodium
13.0 mg
Zinc
3.7 mg
Saturated Fats
16:0 Palmitic
921 mg
18:0 Stearic
96.2 mg
Mono Fats
18:1 Oleic
1935 mg
Poly Fats
18:2 Linoleic
1850 mg
18:3 Linolenic
81.4 mg
Other Fats
Omega 3 Fatty Acids
81.4 mg
Omega 6 Fatty Acids
1850 mg
Amino Acids
Alanine
857 mg
Arginine
1114 mg
Aspartate
1375 mg
Cystine
178 mg
Glutamate
2994 mg
Glycine
723 mg
Histidine
374 mg
Isoleucine
622 mg
Leucine
1215 mg
Lysine
561 mg
Methionine
331 mg
Phenylalanine
758 mg
Proline
688 mg
Serine
760 mg
Threonine
538 mg
Tryptophan
187 mg
Tyrosine
551 mg
Valine
862 mg

Buying & Storing Tips 
  • Brown rice can be purchased in both prepackaged containers and bulk bins. To ensure the maximum freshness in prepackaged containers, check the ‘use-by’ date, as rice has a tendency to go rancid if stored for a long period of time.
  • Always go for the organically grown varieties of brown rice, as studies have revealed that such varieties have around 1.4 to 5 times less arsenic than the other varieties. Consumption of high concentration of arsenic can have very harmful effects on human health.
  • When purchasing in bulk sections, ensure that the lids of the rice bins are covered properly and the store has a good product turnover. Also, check for any evidence of moisture.
  • As compared to white rice, the brown variety has an oil-rich germ that makes it very prone to rancidity. Hence, it should always be stored in the refrigerator. You can also keep it in an airtight container and store for a period of about 6 months.
  • In case of cooked rice, place it in tightly sealed containers and store it inside the refrigerator.


s
 
Brown Rice (one cup) White Rice (one cup)
Calories
232 223
Protein
4.88 g 4.10 g
Carbohydrate
49.7 g 49.6 g
Fat
1.17 g 0.205 g
Dietary Fiber
3.32 g 0.74 g
Thiamin (B1)
0.176 g 0.223 g
Riboflavin (B2)
0.039 mg   0.021 mg
Niacin (B3)
2.730 mg   2.050 mg
Vitamin B6
0.294 mg 0.103 mg
Folacin
10 mcg 4.1 mcg
Vitamin E
1.4 mg 0.462 mg
Magnesium
72.2 mg 22.6 mg
Phosphorus
142 mg 57.4 mg
Potassium
137 mg 57.4 mg
Selenium
26 mg 19 mg
Zinc
1.05 mg 0.841 mg






Nutritional value - brown rice  Hot or Not ?

How many different types of rice are there ?


there are over 8000 diffrent rices

What does rice look like?


Rice is one of the most important foods in the world, supplying as much as half of the daily calories for half of the world's population. No wonder that in Asian countries, such as Thailand, rice is so highly valued that the translation of the word "to eat" literally means "to eat rice."
Asked to name the types of rice they are familiar with, people may be able to recall one or two. Yet, in actuality there is an abundance of different types of rice-over 8,000 varieties. Oftentimes, rice is categorized by its size as being either short grain, medium grain or long grain. Short grain, which has the highest starch content, makes the stickiest rice, while long grain is lighter and tends to remain separate when cooked. The qualities of medium grain fall between the other two types.
The scientific name for rice is Oryza sativa.
Another way that rice is classified is according to the degree of milling that it undergoes. This is what makes a brown rice different than white rice. Brown rice, often referred to as whole rice or cargo rice, is the whole grain with only its inedible outer hull removed. Brown rice still retains its nutrient-rich bran and germ. White rice, on the other hand, is both milled and polished, which removes the bran and germ along with all the nutrients that reside within these important layers.
Some of the most popular varieties of rice in this country include:
  • Arborio: A round grain, starchy white rice, traditionally used to make the Italian dish risotto.
  • Basmati: An aromatic rice that has a nutlike fragrance, delicate flavor and light texture.
  • Sweet rice: Almost translucent when it is cooked, this very sticky rice is traditionally used to make sushi and mochi.
  • Jasmine: A soft-textured long grain aromatic rice that is available in both brown and white varieties.
  • Bhutanese red rice: Grown in the Himalayas, this red colored rice has a nutty, earthy taste.
  • Forbidden rice: A black colored rice that turns purple upon cooking and has a sweet taste and sticky texture. 



Why is Brown Rice healthier than White Rice ?  Brown rice - more nutritional value ?


Brown rice is simply white rice that has not had the brown-colored bran covering removed. So brown rice is considered a whole grain. Why remove the bran? Because most people prefer white rice since it is fluffier and cooks faster than brown. Since brown rice still has the bran intact, it has more fiber than white rice. One cup of brown rice has 3 1/2 grams of fiber while the same amount of white rice has less than one gram of fiber. We all need from 25 to 38 grams of fiber in our diet everyday.
Brown rice also contains nutrients like magnesium, manganese, and zinc. White rice has reduced levels of these nutrients, but is often fortified with iron, and some B vitamins.


What is rice?  Have  rice nutrition data ? Have  rice nutritional value ?

White rice is the name given to milled rice that has had its husk, bran, and germ removed. This is done largely to prevent spoilage and to extend the storage life of the grain. After milling, the rice is polished, resulting in a seed with a bright, white, shiny appearance.
The polishing process removes important nutrients. A diet based on unenriched white rice leaves people vulnerable to the neurological disease beriberi, due to a deficiency of thiamine (vitamin B1). White rice is often enriched with some of the nutrients stripped from it during its processing. Enrichment of white rice with B1, B3, and iron is required by law in the United States.
At various times, starting in the 19th century, brown rice and wild rice have been advocated as healthier alternatives. The bran in brown rice contains significant dietary fiber and the germ contains many vitamins and minerals. (See whole grain.)
As with all natural foods, the precise nutritional composition of rice varies slightly depending on the variety, soil conditions, environmental conditions and types of fertilizers.
Typically 100 g of uncooked rice produces around 240-260 g of cooked grains.

Why is Brown Rice healthier than White Rice ? Brown rice vs white rice . Nutritional value, Nutrition data,Calories.

The crazy thing is that these added steps to turn brown rice to white remove nutrients that are sometimes then introduced back in via synthetic sources - this is called fortified white rice. The same type of thing happens in brown bread vs. white bread scenario.
The loss of nutrients is broad and substantial. Plain white rice has far less Vitamin E, Thiamin, Riboflavin, Niacin, Vitamin B6, Folacin, Potassium, Magnesium, Iron and over dozen other nutrients.  Added to that, the dietary fiber contained in white rice is around a quarter of brown rice.

How many carbohydrates are in cooked rice ?

Carbohydrates in rice


Here are examples for different types of rice (white, brown, wild rice).

1. In steamed/boiled long-grain, medium grain, or short grain white rice there are:
  • approx 8 carbs in each ounce or 28g
  • approx 28 carbs in a 3½ oz or 100g portion
  • approx 64 carbs in 8 oz or 227g
  • approx 45-53 carbs in 1 cup


2. In steamed/boiled long-grain or medium grain brown rice there are:
  • approx 6-7 carbs in each ounce or 28g
  • approx 23 carbs in a 3½ oz or 100g portion
  • approx 52 carbs in 8 oz or 227g
  • approx 45 carbs in 1 cup.


3. In steamed/boiled wild rice there are:

  • approx 6 carbs in each ounce or 28g
  • approx 21 carbs in a 3½ oz or 100g portion
  • approx 48 carbs in 8 oz or 227g
  • approx 35 carbs in 1 cup

4. In Chinese restaurant steamed white rice there are:
  • approx 9 carbohydrates in each ounce or 28g
  • approx 32 carbohydrates in a 3½ oz or 100g portion
  • approx 73 carbohydrates in 8 oz or 227g
  • approx 45 carbohydrates in 1 cup (loosely packed).

How many calories are in a cup of steamed white rice ?
In steamed long-grain white rice, there are:
  • approx 205 calories in one cup.


In steamed medium-grain white rice, there are:
  • approx 242 calories in one cup


In steamed short-grain white rice, there are:
  • approx 267 calories in one cup.
Brown rice syrup, also known as rice syrup, is a sweetener derived by culturing cooked rice with enzymes (usually from dried barley sprouts) to break down the starches, then straining off the liquid and reducing it by cooking until the desired consistency is reached. The final product is 45% maltose, 3% glucose, and 52% maltotriose.
Glucose, the most simple of sugars, is used as the reference food in constructing the Glycemic Index, with a glycemic index of 100. It quickly passes through the stomach, the liver and into the small intestine where it is absorbed into the bloodstream.
Maltose, which has a slightly higher glycemic index of 105, is processed into blood glucose even faster.
The more complex Trisaccharide, maltotriose , takes 2–3 hours to digest. Rice syrup has a shelf life of about a year, and once opened, should be stored in a cool, dry place.
Brown rice syrup is produced commercially by cooking brown rice flour or brown rice starch with enzymes. The final carbohydrate mix can be adjusted, depending upon the desired sweetness and application. The syrup is filtered, and excess water is evaporated to thicken it. The product is produced on a commercial scale by several companies in the United States, Europe, and Asia.
Brown rice syrup is the sweetener found in some drinks, such as rice milk.

References Brown Rice Syrup

  1. ^ "Brown Rice Syrups". Brownricesyrup.info. http://brownricesyrup.info/. Retrieved 2010-11-16. 
  2. ^ GlycemicIndex.com database. Retrieved February 5, 2010.
  3. ^ "Maltotriose Digestion". http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B73GH-47T2CDR-S&_user=10&_coverDate=03%2F15%2F1967&_rdoc=1&_fmt=high&_orig=search&_origin=search&_sort=d&_docanchor=&view=c&_searchStrId=1616626532&_rerunOrigin=google&_acct=C000050221&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=10&md5=6216d0d78c211d301e370fe5ac27141a&searchtype=a/.

References Brown Rice